Causality Analyzer
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    A factor: product of potentials over a set of variables

    interface Factor {
        table: Map<string, number>;
        variables: string[];
    }
    Index
    table: Map<string, number>

    Assignment string → value (e.g. "0,1" → 0.35 for binary variables X,Y)

    variables: string[]

    Variables in this factor's scope (in canonical order)